Enidine Shock Absorber Catalog

113 Pages·2013·7.27 MB·English

New-Cover-2007:Covers-2007 4/12/13 12:42 PM Page 2
Shock Absorbers
and Rate Controls
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ITT Enidine provides quality energy absorption and vibration isolation products and
services to a variety of heavy industries throughout the globe. These industries
include; steel and aluminum rolling mills, manufacturers of mill equipment,
gantry cranes, ship to shore cranes, overhead bridge crane manufacturers
and automated stacker cranes. ITT is a diversified leading manufacturer of
highly engineered critical components and customized technology
solutions for growing industrial end-markets in energy infrastructure,
electronics, aerospace and transportation.
Building on its heritage of innovation, ITT partners with its customers
to deliver enduring solutions to the key industries that underpin
our modern way of life. Founded in 1920, ITT is headquartered
in White Plains, NY, with employees in more than fifteen
countries and sales in more than 125 countries.
The company generated pro forma 2010 revenues
of approximately $2 billion.
As part of our strategy to make the
customer central to everything
we do, our core technologies,
engineering strength and
global scale offers greater
value for customers in
terms of quality, cost
and delivery.
Industry Leading
Quality and Value –
On Time Every Time
Project1-RevB_BP_ITT_2012_revB:Project1-RevB_BP 4/12/13 12:32 PM Page i
Table of Contents
Product Selection
Company Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
New Technologies and Enhancements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 G
e
n
Theory of Energy Absorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 e
r
a
Sizing Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14 l
Quick Selection Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-16
Shock Absorber Products
E
C
ECO OEM/OEMXT Series (Adjustable Shock Absorbers) O
/
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-20 O
Technical Data and Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-34 E
M
Adjustment Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
/
Typical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 X
T
TK/STH Series (Non-Adjustable Shock Absorbers)
T
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37-38 K
/
Technical Data, Accessories and Sizing Curves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39-43 S
Typical Applciations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 T
H
ECO Series (Non-Adjustable Shock Absorbers)
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45-46 E
C
ECO Technical Data, Accessories and Sizing Curves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47-55 O
Typical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
PMXT Series (Non-Adjustable Shock Absorbers)
P
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57-58 M
Technical Data, Accessories and Sizing Curves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59-63 X
T
Typical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
HDN/HD/HDA Series (Heavy Duty Shock Absorbers) H
D
HDN Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 N
HDN Technical Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66-70 /
H
HDA Adjustment Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71-72 D
HD Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 /
H
HD Technical Data, Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76-77 D
Part Number Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 A
HI Series (Heavy Industry Buffers)
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79-80
H
Technical Data, Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81-82 I
Jarret Series
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83-84
Technical Data / Application Worksheet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85-92
J
Typical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93-94 T
Rate Control Products
Rate Controls A
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95-97 D
A
Adjustment Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98-99 /
Typical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 D
A
ADATechnical Data, Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101-104
DA Technical Data, Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105-106
Application Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
www.enidine.com Email: [email protected] Tel.: [phone] Fax: [phone] i
Project1-RevB_BP_ITT_2012_revB:Project1-RevB_BP 4/12/13 12:32 PM Page 1
Company Overview
ITT Enidine Inc.
Overview
With its world headquarters located in Orchard Park, New
York, USA, ITT ENIDINE Inc. is a world leader in the design
and manufacture of standard and custom energy absorption
w
e and vibration isolation product solutions within
vi the Industrial, Aerospace, Defense, Marine and Rail markets.
r
e Product ranges include shock absorbers, gas springs, rate
v controls, air springs, wire rope isolators, heavy industry
O
buffers and emergency stops. With facilities strategically

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n located throughout the world and in partnership with our
a vast global network of distributors, Enidine Incorporated
p
m continues to strengthen its presence within marketplace.
o
C Founded in 1966, ITT Enidine Incorporated now has close
to 600 employees located throughout the globe in the
United States, Germany, France, Japan, China and Korea.
With a team of professionals in engineering, computer
science, manufacturing, production and marketing our
employees provide our customers the very best in
service and application solutions.
“ITT Enidine is widely recognized as the preferred
source for energy absorption and vibration
isolation products.”
From Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) to aftermarket applications, ITT Enidine offers a unique combination of product
selection, engineering excellence and technical support to meet even the toughest energy absorption application requirements.
Global Manufacturing and Sales Facilities offer our customers:
(cid:129) Highly Trained Distribution Network
(cid:129) State-of-the Art Engineering Capabilities
(cid:129) Custom Solution Development
(cid:129) Customer Service Specialists
(cid:129) Multiple Open Communication Channels
If you are unsure whether one of our standard products meets your requirements, feel free to speak
with one of our technical representatives toll-free at 1-800-852-8508, or contact us via e-mail at [email protected].
Products/Engineering/Technical Support
ITT Enidine continually strives to provide the widest selection of shock absorbers and rate control products in the global
marketplace. Through constant evaluation and testing, we bring our customers the most cost effective products with
more features, greater performance and improved ease of use.
1 www.enidine.com Email: [email protected] Tel.: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Project1-RevB_BP_ITT_2012_revB:Project1-RevB_BP 4/12/13 12:32 PM Page 2
New Technologies and Enhancements
Research and Development
New Products and Services
ITT Enidine engineers continue to monitor and influence trends
in the motion control industry, allowing us to remain at the forefront
of new energy absorption product development such as our new
ECO Series shock absorbers and our new HDN Series shock
Absorbers. N
E
W
Our experienced engineering team has designed custom solutions
for a wide variety of challenging applications, including automated T
warehousing systems and shock absorbers for hostile industrial e
c
environments such as glass manufacturing, among others. These h
custom application solutions have proven to be critical to our n
customers’ success. Let ITT Enidine engineers do the same for you. o
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A talented engineering staff works to design and maintain the
most efficient energy absorption product lines available today,
using the latest engineering tools:
(cid:129) Solid Modeling
(cid:129) 3-D CAD Drawings
(cid:129) 3-D Soluable Support Technology
(cid:129) Finite Element Analysis
(cid:129) Complete Product Verification Testing Facility
New product designs get to market fast because they can be
Custom designs are not an exception at ITT Enidine, they are an integral part fully developed in virtual environments before a prototype is
of our business. Should your requirements fit outside of our standard product
ever built. This saves time and lets us optimize the best
range, Enidine engineers can assist in developing special finishes,
solution using real performance criteria.
components, hybrid technologies and new designs to ensure a “best-fit”
product solution customized to your exact specifications.
Global Service and Support
ITT Enidine offers its customers a global network of customer
service staff technical sales personnel that are available to
assist you with all of your application needs.
(cid:129) Operating with lean manufacturing and cellular
production, ITT Enidine produces higher quality
custom and standard products with greater efficiency
and within shorter lead times.
(cid:129) An authorized Global Distribution Network is trained
regularly by ITT Enidine staff on new products and
services ensuring they are better able to serve you.
(cid:129) New Enisize sizing portal provides our customer with the
necessary sizing and design tools. www.enisize.com
(cid:129) Global operations in United States, Germany, France,
China, Japan and Korea.
(cid:129) A comprehensive, website full of application information,
Our global customer service and technical sales departments are
technical data, sizing examples and information to assist
available to assist you find the solution that’s right for your
in selecting the product that’s right for you.
application needs. Call us at 1.800.852.8508 or e-mail us
at [email protected] let us get started today.
Our website also features a searchable worldwide distributor
lookup to help facilitate fast, localized service. Contact us
today for assistance with all of your application needs.
www.enidine.com Email: [email protected] Tel.: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Project1-RevB_BP_ITT_2012_revB:Project1-RevB_BP 4/12/13 12:32 PM Page 3
Theory of Energy Absorption
ITT Enidine Inc.
Overview
As companies strive to increase productivity by operating The advantages of using shock absorbers include:
n
machinery at higher speeds, often the results are increased
o 1. Longer Machine Life– The use of shock absorbers
i noise, damage to machinery/products, and excessive
t significantly reduces shock and vibration to machinery.
p vibration. At the same time, safety and machine reliability are
r decreased. A variety of products are commonly used to solve This eliminates machinery damage, reduces downtime
o and maintenance costs, while increasing machine life.
s these problems. However, they vary greatly in effectiveness and
b operation. Typical products used include rubber bumpers, 2. Higher Operating Speeds– Machines can be operated at
A
springs, cylinder cushions and shock absorbers. The following higher speeds because shock absorbers control or gently stop

y illustrations compare how the most common products perform: moving objects. Therefore, production rates can be increased.
g
r 3. Improved Production Quality– Harmful side effects of
e
n motion, such as noise, vibration and damaging impacts, are
E moderated or eliminated so the quality of production is
f improved. Therefore, tolerances and fits are easier to
o
maintain.

y
r 4. Safer Machinery Operation– Shock absorbers protect
o
machinery and equipment operators by offering predictable,
e
h reliable and controlled deceleration. They can also be designed
T to meet specified safety standards, when required.
5. Competitive Advantage– Machines become more valuable
because of increased productivity, longer life, lower
maintenance costs and safer operation.
Rubber Metal ITT Enidine Automotive vs. Industrial Shock Absorbers
Bumper Spring Shock Absorber
It is important to understand the
differences that exist between the
All moving objects possess kinetic energy. The amount of standard automotive-style shock
energy is dependent upon weight and velocity. A mechanical absorber and the industrial
device that produces forces diametrically opposed to the shock absorber.
direction of motion must be used to bring a moving object
to rest. The automotive style employs the deflective beam and washer
method of orificing. Industrial shock absorbers utilize single
Rubber bumpers and springs,
orifice, multi-orifice and metering pin configurations.
although very inexpensive, have an
The automotive type maintains a damping force which
undesirable recoil effect. Most of
varies in direct proportion to the velocity of the piston,
the energy absorbed by these at impact
while the damping force in the industrial type varies in
is actually stored. This stored energy is
proportion to the square of the piston velocity. In addition, the
returned to the load, producing rebound
damping force of the automotive type is independent of the
and the potential for damage to the load
stroke position while the damping force associated with the
or machinery. Rubber bumpers and
industrial type can be designed either dependent or
springs initially provide low resisting
independent of stroke position.
force which increases with the stroke.
Cylinder cushionsare limited in their
range of operation. Most often they
are not capable of absorbing energy
generated by the system. By design,
cushions have a relatively short stroke
and operate at low pressures resulting in
very low energy absorption. The remaining
energy is transferred to the system,
causing shock loading and vibration.
Shock absorbersprovide controlled, predictable
deceleration. These products work by converting kinetic
energy to thermal energy. More specifically, motion
applied to the piston of a hydraulic shock absorber
pressurizes the fluid and forces it to flow through
restricting orifices, causing the fluid to heat rapidly.
The thermal energy is then transferred to the cylinder
body and harmlessly dissipated to the atmosphere.
3 www.enidine.com Email: [email protected] Tel.: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Project1-RevB_BP_ITT_2012_revB:Project1-RevB_BP 4/12/13 12:32 PM Page 4
Theory of Energy Absorption
ITT Enidine Inc.
Overview
Equally as important, automotive-style shock absorbers are Shock Absorber Performance When Weight T
designed to absorb only a specific amount of input energy. or Impact Velocity Vary h
e
This means that, for any given geometric size of automotive
When conditions change from the original calculated data or o
shock absorber, it will have a limited amount of absorption r
capability compared to the industrial type. actual input, a shock absorber’s performance can be greatly y
affected, causing failure or degradation of performance.
o
Variations in input conditions after a shock absorber has been f
This is explained by observing the structural design of
installed can cause internal damage, or at the very least, can E
the automotive type and the lower strength of materials n
result in unwanted damping performance. Variations in weight
commonly used. These materials can withstand the lower e
or impact velocity can be seen by examining the following
pressures commonly found in this type. The industrial r
energy curves: g
shock absorber uses higher strength materials, enabling y
it to function at higher damping forces. Varying Impact Weight:Increasing the impact weight
A
(impact velocity remains unchanged), without reorificing b
Adjustment Techniques Damping Force or readjustment will result in increased damping force at s
Min. Max. o
the end of the stroke. Figure 1 depicts this undesirable
A properly adjusted shock absorber r
bottoming peak force. This force is then transferred to the p
safely dissipates energy, reducing
mounting structure and impacting load. t
damaging shock loads and noise levels. io
For optimum adjustment setting see n
useable adjustment setting graphs.
Watching and “listening” to a shock
absorber as it functions aids in
proper adjustment.
To correctly adjust a shock absorber, set the adjustment knob at
zero (0) prior to system engagement. Cycle the mechanism and
observe deceleration of the system.
If damping appears too soft (unit strokes with no visual
deceleration and bangs at end of stroke), move indicator to
next largest number. Adjustments must be made in gradual
increments to avoid internal damage to the unit (e.g., adjust
Figure 1
from 0 to 1, not 0 to 4).
Increase adjustment setting until smooth deceleration or
Varying Impact Velocity:Increasing impact velocity
control is achieved and negligible noise is heard when the
(weight remains the same) results in a radical change
system starts either to decelerate or comes to rest.
in the resultant shock force. Shock absorbers are velocity
When abrupt deceleration occurs at the beginning of the stroke conscious products; therefore, the critical relationship to
(banging at impact), the adjustment setting must be moved to a impact velocity must be carefully monitored. Figure 2 depicts
lower number to allow smooth deceleration. the substantial change in shock force that occurs when the
velocity is increased. Variations from original design data
If the shock absorber adjustment knob is set at the high end of
or errors in original data may cause damage to mounting
the adjustment scale and abrupt deceleration occurs at the end
structures and systems, or result in shock absorber failure
of the stroke, a larger unit may be required.
if the shock force limits are exceeded.
Figure 2
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Project1-RevB_BP_ITT_2012_revB:Project1-RevB_BP 4/12/13 12:32 PM Page 5
Shock Absorber Sizing Examples
Typical Shock Absorber Applications
Overview
s
e SHOCK ABSORBERSIZING RATE CONTROL SIZING
l
p Follow the next six steps to manually size Enidine shock absorbers: Follow the next five steps to manually size
m
ITT Enidine rate controls:
a STEP 1:Identify the following parameters. These must be known for all energy
x absorption calculations. Variations or additional information may be required in STEP 1:Identify the following parameters.
E These must be known for all rate control
some cases.
g calculations. Variations or additional
A.Weight of the load to be stopped (lbs.)(Kg).
n information may be required in some cases.
i B. Velocity of the load upon impact with the shock absorber (in./sec.)(m/s).
z A.Weight of the load to be controlled (lbs.)(Kg)
C.External (propelling) forces acting on the load (lbs.)(N), if any.
Si B. Desired velocity of the load (in/sec.)(m/s)
D.Cyclic frequency at which the shock absorber will operate.
C.External (propelling) force acting on the
r E. Orientation of the application’s motion (i.e. horizontal, vertical up,
e load (lbs.)(N), if any.
b vertical down, inclined, rotary horizontal, rotary vertical up, rotary
D.Cyclic frequency at which the rate control
r vertical down).
o will operate.
s NOTE: For rotary applications, it is necessary to determine both the radius of E. Orientation of the application’s motion
b gyration (K) and the mass moment of inertia (I). Both of these terms locate the mass (i.e. horizontal, vertical up, vertical down,
A
of a rotating object with respect to the pivot point. It is also necessary to determine inclined, rotary horizontal, rotary vertical
k the angular velocity (ω) and the torque (T). up, rotary vertical down.)
c
o STEP 2: Calculate the kinetic energy of the moving object. F. Damping direction (i.e., tension [T],
h compression [C] or both [T and C].
S EK = 7W72 x V2(linear) or EK = 2I ω2 (rotary) or EK = 12 MV2 (metric) G.Required stroke (in.)(mm)
(Note: 772 = 2 x acceleration due to gravity)
STEP 2: Calculate the propelling force at
Utilizing the Product Locators for Shock Absorbers located at the beginning of
the rate control in each direction damping is
each product family section, select a model, either adjustable or
re quired. (See sizing examples on page 6-12).
non-adjustable, with a greater energy per cycle capacity than the value
just calculated. CAUTION: The propelling force in each
direction must not exceed the maximum
STEP 3: Calculate the work energy input from any external (propelling) forces
propelling force listed for the chosen model.
acting on the load, using the stroke of the model selected in Step 2.
If the propelling force is too high, select a
T
EW = FD x S(linear) or EW = R x S (rotary) larger model.
S
STEP 3: Calculate the total energy per cycle
Caution:The propelling force must not exceed the maximum propelling force
E = E (tension) + E (compression)
listed for the model chosen. If the propelling force is too high, select a larger T W W
E = F x S
model and recalculate the work energy. W D
STEP 4: Calculate the total energy per cycle E = E + E STEP 4:Calculate the total energy per hour
T K W
E C = E x C
The model selected must have at least this much energy capacity. If not, select a T T
model with greater energy capacity and return to Step 3. The model selected must have an
energy per hour capacity greater than this
STEP 5: Calculate the energy that must be absorbed per hour. Even though the
calculated figure. If not, choose a model with
shock absorber can absorb the energy in a single impact, it may not be able to
a higher energy per hour capacity.
dissipate the heat generated if the cycle rate is too high.
Compare the damping direction, stroke,
E C = E x C
T T propelling force, and total energy per hour
The model selected must have an energy per hour capacity greater than this to the values listed in the Rate Controls
calculated figure. If it is not greater, there are two options: Engineering Data Charts (pages 97-106).
1. Choose another model that has more energy per hour capacity (because of
larger diameter or stroke). Keep in mind that if the stroke changes, you must STEP 5:If you have selected a rate control,
return to Step 3. refer to the sizing graphs in the Rate Controls
2. Use an Air/Oil Tank. The increased surface area of the tank and piping will section to determine the required damping
increase the energy per hour capacity by 20 percent. constant.
STEP 6: If you have selected an HP, PM, SPM, TK, or PRO Series model, refer to If you have selected an adjustable model
the sizing graph(s) in the appropriate series section to determine the required (ADA), refer to the Useable Adjustment Setting
damping constant. If the point cannot be found in the sizing graph, you must Range graph for the chosen model. The desired
select a larger model or choose a different series. Note that if the stroke velocity must fall within the
changes, you must return to Step 3. limits shown on the graph.
If you have selected an adjustable model (OEM, HP or HDA series), refer to the
Useable Adjustment Setting Range graph for the chosen model. The impact
velocity must fall within the limits shown on the graph.
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Project1-RevB_BP_ITT_2012_revB:Project1-RevB_BP 4/12/13 12:32 PM Page 6
Shock Absorber Sizing Examples
Typical Shock Absorber Applications
Overview
S
SYMBOLS α = Angle of incline (degrees) 4. To Determine Propelling Force of h
a = Acceleration (in./sec.2)(mls2) θ = Start point from true vertical 0˚(degrees) Pneumatic or Hydraulic Cylinders o
c
A = Width (in.)(m) µ = Coefficient of friction FD= .7854x d2x P FD= 0,07854x d2x P k
B = Thickness (in.)(m) Ø = Angle of rotation (degrees) (metric)
C = Number of cycles per hour ω = Angular velocity (radians/sec) 5. Free Fall Applications A
d = Cylinder bore diameter (in.)(mm) A. Find Velocity for a Free Falling Weight: b
USEFUL FORMULAS
D = Distance (in.)(m) V =√772x H V = √19,6 x H (metric) s
EK = Kinetic energy (in-lbs.)(Nm) 1. To Determine Shock Force B. Kinetic Enoergy of Free Falling Weight: o
ET = (Tiont-labls e./nce)r(gNym p/ecr) ,c yEcKle+ EW FP= S xE T.85 EK= W x H rb
ETC= Thootuarl (einn-elbrsg.y/ thor )b(Nem a/bhsro)rbed per For PRO and PM Series only, use 6. DA.e Tcoe Dleertaetrimoinn ea Anpdp rGox iLmoaatde G Load with a er
FEDW== WProorpke ollirn dgr ifvoer ceen (elbrgsy. )((Nin)-lbs.)(Nm) FP= S Ex T.50 GGi v=enF SPt-r oFkDe G = FP- FD (metric) Siz
FHP == HSheoigchkt f(oinrc.)e(m (l)bs.)(N) 2. To Determine Impact Velocity W kg x 9,81 in
A. If there is no acceleration (V is constant) B. To Determine the Approximate Stroke with
Hp = Motor rating (hp)(kw) g
(e.g., load being V=D a Given G Load (Conventional Damping
I = Mass moment of inertia
(in-lbs./sec2)(Kgm2) pushed by hydraulic cylinder t Only) E
K = Radius of gyration (in.)(m) or motor driven.) S = EK x
L = Length (in.)(m) B. If there is acceleration. V= 2x D GW .85 - .15 F a
P = Operating pressure (psi)(bar) (e.g., load being t *For PRO/PM and TK MoDdels: m
RS = Mounting distance from pivot point (in.)(m) pushed by air cylinder) S = EK p
St == STitmroek e(s oefc .s)hock absorber (in.)(m) 3. To Determine Propelling Force GW .5 - .5 FD le
T = Torque (in-lbs.)(Nm) Generated by Electric Motor s
NOTE: Constants are printed in bold.
V = Impact velocity (in./sec.)(m/s)
F = 19,800x Hp F = 3 000x Hp
W = Weight (lbs.)(Kg) D D
V V
(metric)
The following examples are shown using Imperial formulas and units of measure.
Shock Absorbers
EXAMPLE 1:
Vertical Free Falling Weight
STEP 1: Application Data STEP 3: Calculate work energy STEP 5: Calculate total
(W) Weight = 3,400 lbs. EW= W x S energy per hour
(H) Height = 20 in. E = 3,400 x 6 E C= E x C
W T T
(C) Cycles/Hr = 2 E = 20,400 in-lbs. E C= 88,400 x 2
W T
E C= 176,800 in-lbs./hr
T
STEP 2: Calculate kinetic energy STEP 4: Calculate total
EK = W x H energy per cycle STEP 6: Calculate impact velocity
EK = 3,400 x 20 = 68,000 in-lbs. ET = EK + EW and confirm selection
E = 68,000 + 20,400
T
Assume Model OEM 4.0M x 6 is E = 88,400 in-lbs./c V = √772x H
T o
adequate (Page 31). V = √772x 20
o
V = 124 in./sec.
Model OEM 4.0M x 6 is adequate.
EXAMPLE 2:
Vertical Moving Load with
Propelling Force Downward
STEP 1: Application Data STEP 3: Calculate work energy STEP 5: Calculate total
(W) Weight = 3,400 lbs. FD = [.7854x d2x P] + W energy per hour
(V) Velocity = 80 in./sec. F = [.7854x 42x 70] + 3,400 E C = E x C
D T T
(d) Cylinder bore dia. = 4 in. F = 4,280 lbs. E C = 45,307 x 200
D T
(P) Pressure = 70 psi E = F x S E C = 9,061,400 in-lbs./hr
W D T
(C) Cycles/Hr = 200 E = 4,280 x 4
W
E =17,120 in-lbs. Model OEM 4.0M x 4 is adequate.
W
STEP 2: Calculate kinetic energy
STEP 4: Calculate total
EK = W7W72Wx V2 = 37,47020 x 802 energy per cycle
E = E + E
E = 28,187 in-lbs. T K W
K E = 28,187 + 17,120
T
E = 45,307 in-lbs./c
Assume Model OEM 4.0M x 4 is T
adequate (Page 31).
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Project1-RevB_BP_ITT_2012_revB:Project1-RevB_BP 4/12/13 12:32 PM Page 7
Shock Absorber Sizing Examples
Typical Shock Absorber Applications
Overview
s
e
l EXAMPLE 3:
p
Vertical Moving Load with
m
Propelling Force Upward
a
STEP 1: Application Data STEP 3: Calculate work energy STEP 5: Calculate total
Ex (W) Weight = 3,400 lbs. FD = 2 x [.7854x d2x P] – W energy per hour
g (V) Velocity = 80 in./sec. FD = 2 x [.7854 x 62x 70] – 3,400 ETC=ETx C
(d) 2 Cylinders bore dia. = 6 in. F = 558 lbs. E C=30,977 x 200
n D T
(P) Operating pressure = 70 psi E = F X S E C=6,195,400 in-lbs./hr
i W D T
z (C) Cycles/Hr = 200 E = 558 x 5
i W
S E = 2,790 in-lbs. Model OEM 3.0M x 5 is adequate.
W
STEP 2: Calculate kinetic energy
r STEP 4: Calculate total
be EK = W7W72W x V2 = 37,47020 x 802 energy per cycle
r E = 28,187 in-lbs. ET = EK+ EW
o K E = 28,187 + 2,790
T
s
E = 30,977 in-lbs./c
b Assume Model OEM 3.0M x 5 is T
A adequate (Page 31).

k
c
o
h
S
EXAMPLE 4:
Vertical Moving Load with
Propelling Force from Motor STEP 1: Application Data Assume Model OEM 1.25 x 2 is Assume Model OEMXT 2.0M x 2 is
(W) Weight = 200 lbs. adequate (Page 24). adequate (Page 29).
(V) Velocity = 60 in./sec. EW= FDX S EW= FD x S
(Hp) Motor horsepower = 1.5 Hp EW= 295 x 2 EW= 695 x 2
(C) Cycles/Hr = 100 EW= 590 in-lbs. EW= 1,390 in-lbs.
STEP 4: Calculate total STEP 4: Calculate total
STEP 2: Calculate kinetic energy energy per cycle energy per cycle
EK = W x V2 = 200x 602 ET = EK+ EW ET = EK+ EW
772 772 ET = 933 + 590 ET= 933 + 1,390
EK = 933 in-lbs. ET = 1,523 in-lbs./c ET = 2,323 in-lbs./c
STEP 5: Calculate total STEP 5: Calculate total
CASEA: UP energy per hour energy per hour
STEP 3: Calculate work energy ETC=ETx C ETC = ETx C
FD = 19,800x Hp– W ETC=1,523 x 100 ETC = 2,323 x 100
V ETC =152,300 in-lbs./hr ETC = 232,300 in-lbs./hr
FD = 19,800x 1.5– 200 Model OEM 1.25 x 2 is adequate.
60
Model OEMXT 2.0M x 2 is adequate.
CASE B: DOWN
F = 295 lbs.
D STEP 3: Calculate work energy
19,800x Hp
FD = + W
V
19,800x 1.5
FD = + 200
60
F = 695 lbs.
D
(e.g., Load Moving Force Up)
EXAMPLE 5:
Horizontal Moving Load
STEP 1: Application Data STEP 3: Calculate work energy: N/A
(W) Weight = 1,950 lbs.
STEP 4: Calculate total energy per cycle
(V) Velocity = 60 in./sec.
E = E = 9,093 in-lbs./c
(C) Cycles/Hr= 200 T K
STEP 2: Calculate kinetic energy STEP 5: Calculate total energy per hour
EK = WW x V2 ETC= ET x C
772 E C= 9,093 x 200
T
EK = 1950x 602 ETC= 1,818,600 in-lbs./hr
772
E = 9,093 in-lbs. Model OEMXT 2.0M x 2 is adequate.
K
Assume Model OEMXT 2.0M x 2 is
adequate (Page 29).
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